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The Ultimate Guide to Flossing: Benefits, Techniques, and History

Written by Northwest Oral Content Team | Jan 8, 2025 5:30:00 PM

When it comes to flossing to maintain oral hygiene, the world is divided into three almost equal groups: those who floss their teeth daily, those who do some flossing weekly, and those who never floss!

That’s right, a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey reported that research from 9,000 adults, ages 30 and older, found that 30.3 percent flossed daily, 37.3 percent flossed less than daily, and 32.4 percent reported no flossing.

While many people brush their teeth regularly (nearly 7 in 10 Americans brush their teeth at least twice a day), flossing remains a crucial yet overlooked aspect of oral hygiene.

“When developing your oral hygiene regimen, it is important to include flossing once a day in order to decrease the likelihood of cavities and gum disease,” says the UIC College of Dentistry.

This comprehensive guide will explore the numerous benefits of flossing, proper techniques, its fascinating history, and how it contributes to overall health.

The Five Key Benefits of Flossing

Flossing is essential for maintaining good oral health, and its benefits extend beyond just keeping your teeth clean. Here are the five key advantages of incorporating flossing into your daily routine:

Prevents Gingivitis

Gingivitis is an early stage of gum disease characterized by inflammation and bleeding of the gums. When plaque accumulates along the gum line, it can lead to gingivitis if not removed through proper oral hygiene practices like flossing. An analysis of recent studies has found that regular flossing may reduce the risk of developing gingivitis by removing plaque that toothbrushes often miss. By flossing daily, you can help maintain healthy gums and prevent the onset of more severe gum diseases.

Prevents Periodontal Disease

If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontal disease, a more severe condition that affects the supporting structures of the teeth. Periodontal disease can lead to tooth loss and has been linked to systemic health issues such as heart disease and diabetes. Research indicates that individuals who regularly floss have a lower prevalence of periodontal disease compared to non-flossers. In fact, a longitudinal study found that those who incorporated flossing into their oral care routine experienced less tooth loss over five years compared to those who did not.

Reduces Bad Breath

Bad breath, or halitosis, is often caused by the buildup of bacteria in the mouth, particularly in areas that are hard to reach with a toothbrush alone. Flossing removes food particles and plaque from between teeth and along the gum line, effectively reducing the bacterial load responsible for unpleasant odors.

Decreases the Risk of Some Diseases

There is a growing body of evidence linking oral health to overall health. Gum disease has been associated with increased risks for conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. Flossing helps prevent gum disease by removing plaque before it hardens into tartar, thereby reducing inflammation in the gums and potentially lowering systemic inflammation throughout the body. This connection highlights the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene not just for dental health but for overall well-being.

Enhance Smile Aesthetics

Flossing contributes to a more attractive smile by removing unsightly plaque and food debris trapped between teeth. Regular flossing helps keep your teeth looking clean and bright while preventing discoloration caused by plaque buildup. A healthy smile can boost your confidence and improve your social interactions.

Why You Probably Aren't Flossing Correctly

Despite knowing the benefits of flossing, many people struggle with proper technique or simply forget to do it altogether.

For starters, many people floss after they brush their teeth, but dental experts say you should do just the opposite.

“What is the most effective sequence for your oral hygiene routine? Recent research suggests flossing before brushing your teeth is the way to go,” says the American Association of Orthodontists. “This approach is superior for eliminating dental plaque on tooth surfaces and boosts the fluoride concentration in your mouth. Flossing before brushing helps strengthen your tooth enamel, making it more resistant to decay.”

Here are some common mistakes that can hinder effective flossing:

  • Not Using Enough Floss: Using too little floss can make it difficult to clean effectively between teeth.

  • Snapping the Floss: Many people snap the floss between their teeth instead of gently guiding it down to avoid injuring their gums.

  • Neglecting Back Teeth: It's easy to forget about the back molars; however, these areas are prone to plaque buildup.

To ensure you're getting the most out of your flossing routine, follow these five simple steps:

  1. Cut about 18 inches of dental floss.

  2. Wind most of it around your middle fingers, leaving about 1-2 inches for use.

  3. Hold the floss taut between your thumbs and index fingers.

  4. Gently slide it between your teeth using a zigzag motion.

  5. Curve the floss around each tooth in a C-shape and slide it up and down against both sides.

The Fascinating History of Flossing

Flossing has a rich history that dates back thousands of years:

  • Prehistoric Times: Evidence suggests that ancient humans used various tools like twigs or horsehair to clean between their teeth.

  • 1815: Dr. Levi Spear Parmly, a dentist from New Orleans, recommended using waxed silk thread for cleaning between teeth in his book A Practical Guide to the Management of Teeth. For his role, Parmly is known as the “Father of Floss”.

  • 1882: The Codman and Shurtleft Company began manufacturing unwaxed silk dental floss.

  • 1940s: Nylon replaced silk as the primary material for dental floss due to its durability and lower cost.

  • Modern Day: Today’s dental floss comes in various types—waxed, unwaxed, flavored, and even water-based options—making it accessible for everyone.

Types of Dental Floss

Choosing the right type of dental floss can enhance your experience:

  • Waxed vs. Unwaxed: Waxed floss tends to glide more easily between tight spaces but may be thicker; unwaxed is thinner but can fray more easily.

  • Dental Tape: A broader option ideal for wider gaps between teeth or sensitive gums.

  • Super Floss: Designed for braces or bridges, super floss has spongy sections that expand when wet.

  • Water Flossers: These devices use a stream of pulsating water to remove food debris and plaque from between teeth—ideal for those who find traditional floss uncomfortable.

The Connection Between Flossing and Overall Health

Flossing plays a significant role in maintaining cardiovascular health as well.

Studies have shown that gum disease increases inflammation in blood vessels, which can lead to serious conditions such as heart attacks or strokes.

Regularly removing plaque through flossing reduces this risk by keeping gums healthy and minimizing bacterial entry into the bloodstream.

Additionally, good oral hygiene practices like daily brushing and flossing are essential for managing diabetes since gum disease can worsen insulin resistance.

By maintaining healthy gums, individuals with diabetes may find it easier to control their blood sugar levels.

Overcoming Flossing Challenges

Many people avoid flossing due to discomfort or perceived time constraints. Here are some tips to make it easier:

  • Use Alternatives: If traditional floss is uncomfortable, consider using interdental brushes or water flosser devices.

  • Set Reminders: Place sticky notes or set alarms on your phone as reminders until it becomes part of your routine.

  • Make It Convenient: Keep dental supplies visible in places you frequent (like near your toothbrush) so you remember to use them.

Remember, incorporating daily flossing into your oral care routine is a simple yet powerful step towards maintaining not just a healthy smile but also supporting overall health.

By understanding the benefits, mastering proper techniques, and choosing the right type of floss for your needs, you can significantly improve your oral hygiene while potentially reducing risks associated with systemic diseases.

For more information on your overall oral health, contact the board-certified surgeons at Northwest Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery today.